A2 June 2023 Paper 1 Q2
2 In this question you must show detailed reasoning.
Find the angle between the vector \(3\mathbf{i} + 2\mathbf{j} + \mathbf{k}\) and the plane \(-x + 3y + 2z = 8\). [5]
| Scheme | Marks | AO |
|---|---|---|
| DR Normal to plane is \(-\mathbf{i} + 3\mathbf{j} + 2\mathbf{k}\) | B1 | 1.1a |
| Angle between \(3\mathbf{i} + 2\mathbf{j} + \mathbf{k}\) and \(-\mathbf{i} + 3\mathbf{j} + 2\mathbf{k}\) is \(\theta\) \(\cos\theta = \dfrac{3 \times (-1) + 2 \times 3 + 1 \times 2}{\sqrt{3^2 + 2^2 + 1^2}\sqrt{(-1)^2 + 3^2 + 2^2}} = \dfrac{5}{\sqrt{14}\sqrt{14}}\) | M1 | 1.1 |
| \(\Rightarrow \theta = 69.07\ldots\) | A1 | 1.1 |
| \(90 - \text{their } \theta\) | M1 | 1.1 |
| so angle with plane is \(20.9^\circ\) | A1 | 2.2a |
| [5] |
Notes
B1: soi
M1: use of scalar product formula with their normal seen
A1: or 1.2… rads or \(\arccos\frac{5}{14}\)
M1: or \(\frac{\pi}{2} - \text{their } \theta\)
A1: or 0.365 rads
Alternative method 1
| Scheme | Marks |
|---|---|
| Normal to plane is \(-\mathbf{i} + 3\mathbf{j} + 2\mathbf{k}\) | B1 |
| Angle between \(3\mathbf{i} + 2\mathbf{j} + \mathbf{k}\) and the plane is \(\theta\) \(\sin\theta = \dfrac{3 \times (-1) + 2 \times 3 + 1 \times 2}{\sqrt{3^2 + 2^2 + 1^2}\sqrt{(-1)^2 + 3^2 + 2^2}} = \dfrac{5}{\sqrt{14}\sqrt{14}}\) | M2 |
| \(\theta = 20.9^\circ\) | A2 |
B1: soi
A2: or 0.365 rads
Alternative method 2
| Scheme | Marks |
|---|---|
| Normal to plane is \(-\mathbf{i} + 3\mathbf{j} + 2\mathbf{k}\) | B1 |
| Angle between \(3\mathbf{i} + 2\mathbf{j} + \mathbf{k}\) and \(-\mathbf{i} + 3\mathbf{j} + 2\mathbf{k}\) is \(\theta\) \(\sin\theta = \dfrac{\left|\begin{pmatrix} 3 \\ 2 \\ 1 \end{pmatrix} \times \begin{pmatrix} -1 \\ 3 \\ 2 \end{pmatrix}\right|}{\sqrt{3^2 + 2^2 + 1^2}\sqrt{(-1)^2 + 3^2 + 2^2}} = \dfrac{\left|\begin{pmatrix} 1 \\ -7 \\ 11 \end{pmatrix}\right|}{\sqrt{14}\sqrt{14}}\) | M1 |
| \(\Rightarrow \theta = 69.07\ldots\) | A1 |
| \(90 - \text{their } \theta\) | M1 |
| so angle with plane is \(20.9^\circ\) | A1 |
B1: soi
M1: complete method with vector product seen
A1: or 1.2… rads or \(\arcsin\frac{\sqrt{171}}{14}\)
M1: or \(\frac{\pi}{2} - \text{their } \theta\)
A1: or 0.365 rads