S1 January 2011 Q6
6. The discrete random variable \(X\) has the probability distribution
| \(x\) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| \(\mathrm{P}(X = x)\) | \(k\) | \(2k\) | \(3k\) | \(4k\) |
Find
Two independent observations \(X_1\) and \(X_2\) are made of \(X\).
| \(y\) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| \(\mathrm{P}(X_1 + X_2 = y)\) | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.25 | 0.24 |
| Scheme | Marks |
|---|---|
| \(k + 2k + 3k + 4k = 1\) or \(10k = 1\) \(k = 0.1\) (*) [allow verification with a comment e.g. “so \(k\) = 0.1”] | B1cso |
| (1) |
Notes
B1 for a clear attempt to use sum of probabilities = 1. Must see previous line as well as \(k\) = 0.1
A correct expression for \(\mathrm{E}(X)\) or \(\mathrm{E}(X^2)\) that is later divided by 4 scores M0
| Scheme | Marks |
|---|---|
| \(\mathrm{E}(X) = 1 \times 0.1 + 2 \times 0.2 + 3 \times 0.3 + 4 \times 0.4 = 3\) | M1 A1 |
| (2) |
Notes
M1 for a completely correct expression. May be implied by correct answer of 3 or \(30k\)
A1 for 3 only.
| Scheme | Marks |
|---|---|
| \(\mathrm{E}(X^2) = 1 \times 0.1 + 4 \times 0.2 + 9 \times 0.3 + 16 \times 0.4 = 10\) | M1 A1 |
| (2) |
Notes
M1 for a completely correct expression. May be implied by correct answer of 10 or \(100k\)
A1 for 10 only.
[ For \(\mathrm{E}(X^2) = 0.1 + 0.8 + 2.7 + 6.4 - 9 = 1\) scores M0A0 but accept this as Var(\(X\)) in (d)]
| Scheme | Marks |
|---|---|
| \(\mathrm{Var}(X) = 10 - 9\ (= 1)\) | M1 |
| \(\mathrm{Var}(2 - 5X) = 5^2\,\mathrm{Var}(X) = 25\) | M1 A1 |
| (3) |
Notes
1st M1 for using Var(\(X\)) = \(\mathrm{E}(X^2) - \mathrm{E}(X)^2\), f.t their values from (b) and (c)
Allow this mark for Var(\(X\)) = 10−9 or better. May be implied if this is seen in (c).
2nd M1 for \(5^2\,\mathrm{Var}(X)\) or 25Var(\(X\)) can f.t. their Var(\(X\)). Allow \(-5^2\) if it later becomes +25
A1 for 25 only. Dependent upon both Ms
Forming distribution for \(Y\) =2-5\(X\) gets M1 for \(\mathrm{E}(Y^2)\)=194 then M1A1 for 194-169=25
| Scheme | Marks |
|---|---|
| \(\mathrm{P}(1, 3) + \mathrm{P}(2, 2) = 2 \times 0.1 \times 0.3 + 0.2 \times 0.2 = 0.1\) (*) | M1 A1cso |
| (2) |
Notes
M1 for correctly identifying (1, 3) or (3, 1) and (2, 2) as required cases (\(3k^2 + 4k^2\) or better)
A1 cso for 0.1 only but must see evidence for M1
| Scheme | Marks | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 B1 | ||||||||||||||||
| (2) |
Notes
1st B1 for 0.2 correctly assigned. May be in table.
2nd B1 for 0.16 correctly assigned. May be in table
| Scheme | Marks |
|---|---|
| \(\mathrm{P}(2) + \mathrm{P}(3) = 0.05\) | M1A1 |
| (2) | |
| (14 marks) |
Notes
M1 for P(2) + P(3). May be implied by correct answer of 0.05
A1 for 0.05 only.
Correct answer only can score full marks in parts (b), (c), (f) and (g)